Architectural Cases

This week's architectural landscape is defined by a blend of large-scale urban planning, significant design recognition, and innovative structural adaptations across different continents. From national capital relocations aimed at strategic development to iconic stadium projects integrating civic functions, and from deeply rooted cultural conservation initiatives to avant-garde facade designs, the recent events underscore architecture's expansive influence on society. These diverse undertakings demonstrate how design transcends mere construction, acting as a pivotal force in shaping public life, promoting sustainability, and preserving historical narratives, all while embracing contemporary aesthetic and functional demands.

Major governmental decisions in urban planning are reshaping national identities and infrastructure. Equatorial Guinea's move to establish Ciudad de la Paz as its new capital, migrating from Malabo, exemplifies a comprehensive effort to balance demographic distribution with infrastructural resilience. Designed by IDF – Ideias do Futuro, this ambitious project integrates a core civic district with natural landscapes, using river and forest systems to define its structure. This strategy not only enhances operational efficiency and public services but also symbolically reinforces state authority and national unity through architectural means. The new capital's design emphasizes clarity, functionality, and a strong connection to its environmental context, demonstrating how urban design can be a powerful tool for governance and community organization.

Simultaneously, the global construction sector is seeing a surge in large-scale sports and entertainment complexes. During 2025, fourteen significant stadium projects were announced across Asia, Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and North America, designed by prominent firms such as Populous, Foster + Partners, and OMA. These projects are more than just sports venues; they are conceived as comprehensive civic centers, incorporating mixed-use programs, revitalized public spaces, and upgraded transport links. The emphasis on sustainable practices, including the use of timber, local materials, demountable structures, and all-electric operations, reflects a growing commitment to environmental stewardship and long-term resource efficiency in major architectural endeavors.

In the realm of cultural preservation and community engagement, initiatives in Palestine highlight architecture's role in revitalizing historical contexts. RIWAQ – Centre for Architectural Conservation's "Qalandiya: the Green Historic Maze" project, a recipient of the 2025 Holcim Foundation Awards, focuses on transforming abandoned historical structures into vibrant public spaces through incremental rehabilitation and participatory design. This project showcases how architecture can serve as a catalyst for collective memory, economic renewal, and social resilience within complex sociopolitical environments, underscoring its capacity to foster community bonds and transmit cultural knowledge.

European architectural excellence was also celebrated with the announcement of the 2026 EU Mies van der Rohe Awards shortlist, featuring 14 works from 18 countries. These projects, ranging from urban revitalization to new constructions and adaptive reuse, demonstrate diverse approaches to addressing contemporary social, cultural, and environmental challenges. The jury commended the balance between local expertise and international collaboration, highlighting the rich tapestry of modern European architectural practice.

Beyond these broad trends, specific projects illustrate individual design ingenuity. MVRDV completed a unique fluid glass facade for Tiffany & Co.'s flagship store in Beijing's Taikoo Li Sanlitun district. Inspired by jewelry designer Elsa Peretti's creations, the facade features vertical, translucent glass fins that create a soft, sculptural presence, shifting in appearance with light and perspective. This demountable system exemplifies a fusion of expressive design with sustainable material use. Additionally, LYT-X Studio proposed the adaptive reuse of Le Havre's Brise-Vent harbor structure, transforming it into a public cultural facility. This design integrates the existing industrial building with new architectural elements to create a continuous public waterfront, emphasizing adaptability and structural reuse. In Bangkok, HAS Design and Research unveiled plans for the Wat Paknam Phasi Charoen Observation Tower, an ecological sanctuary integrated with a historic Buddhist temple. This vertical corridor aims to connect the ground with a 69-meter statue, promoting biodiversity, edible planting, and passive environmental strategies.

The current architectural scene is characterized by dynamic interplay between tradition and innovation, local narratives and global aspirations, demonstrating the profession's critical role in shaping both the physical and social landscapes of our world. From grand urban schemes that reconfigure entire cities to intricate facade designs that redefine public interfaces, architecture continues to evolve as a vital instrument for addressing the complex demands of contemporary society and envisioning a more sustainable future.

Zaha Hadid Architects Initiates Construction on Bishoftu International Airport for Ethiopian Airlines in Addis Ababa

Construction has commenced on the new Bishoftu International Airport (BIA), a significant undertaking by Zaha Hadid Architects for the Ethiopian Airlines Group. This ambitious project, initiated with a cornerstone laying ceremony by Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed Ali on January 10, 2026, marks a pivotal moment for Ethiopia's infrastructure development. Located approximately 40 kilometers south of the capital, Addis Ababa, the airport is designed to be a major aviation hub for Africa. The initial phase is projected to handle 60 million passengers annually, with subsequent expansions set to increase capacity to an impressive 110 million passengers and accommodate 270 aircraft, significantly surpassing the current main airport's capabilities.

The BIA project is not merely an expansion of Ethiopia's air travel infrastructure but a comprehensive urban development. It integrates an 'Airport City' featuring mixed-use buildings and is strategically located for 24-hour operations without curfews, serving a local population of around 80,000 people. The design leverages its lower elevation compared to the existing Addis Ababa airport, allowing for longer runways to enhance aircraft performance and facilitate longer, non-stop routes with increased passenger and cargo capacities. Zaha Hadid Architects' vision for BIA underscores its role as a critical component of a broader regional transport network, connected to central Addis Ababa via a high-speed rail link, solidifying Ethiopia's position as a gateway to Africa.

Transforming African Aviation: Bishoftu International Airport's Design and Capacity

The Bishoftu International Airport (BIA) project, spearheaded by Zaha Hadid Architects, represents a monumental leap in African aviation infrastructure. Located south of Addis Ababa, this new airport is envisioned to become the continent's largest, significantly enhancing Ethiopia's capacity as a global air transport hub. The first phase of development is set to accommodate 60 million passengers each year, a figure that is planned to grow to 110 million passengers annually in later stages, supported by four runways and parking for 270 aircraft. This extensive capacity is a testament to Ethiopia's strategic ambition to bolster its role in international travel and trade, providing a modern, efficient gateway for millions of travelers.

Designed with a keen focus on efficiency and passenger experience, the BIA will cater to Ethiopian Airlines, currently Africa's leading carrier. A crucial aspect of its design is the prioritization of seamless transit connections, recognizing that up to 80% of passengers are expected to transfer between flights without leaving the airport. This is facilitated by a central circulation spine, inspired by the Great Rift Valley, which minimizes transfer distances and enhances intuitive wayfinding. The airport complex will also feature a 350-room airside hotel, diverse dining and entertainment options, and outdoor gardens and courtyards, creating a comfortable and engaging environment for transiting travelers. The integration of a high-speed rail link further connects BIA to Addis Ababa and the existing Bole International Airport, reinforcing its function as a central node in a comprehensive regional transport network.

Sustainability and Regional Integration: The Vision Behind Bishoftu International Airport

Beyond its impressive capacity, the Bishoftu International Airport is designed with a strong emphasis on sustainability and integration with its natural and cultural environment. Situated in Ethiopia's Oromia region, known for its temperate subtropical highland climate, the passenger terminal will utilize natural ventilation and integrated solar shading to optimize energy efficiency. The inclusion of semi-enclosed spaces and outdoor areas capitalizes on the region's climate, offering comfortable environments throughout warm summers and mild winters. Furthermore, the landscape design thoughtfully incorporates native drought-resistant plants and relocated trees, providing public parks for local communities and airside gardens for passengers, blending the airport seamlessly into its natural surroundings.

The project's construction strategy underlines a commitment to local economic development and environmental stewardship. Employing modular fabrication and assembly techniques, the development prioritizes flexibility and efficiency. Procurement focuses on locally produced or recycled concrete, aggregates, and steel from Bishoftu, boosting local industries. Environmentally conscious initiatives include collecting stormwater from runways and other surfaces, directing it to newly established wetlands and bioswales for storage and reuse. Additionally, photovoltaic arrays are planned to generate on-site energy, showcasing a dedication to sustainable operations. The interior design further celebrates Ethiopia's rich cultural tapestry, with materials and color palettes within the terminal piers reflecting the country's diverse regions, ensuring the airport serves not only as a global connector but also as a vibrant reflection of Ethiopian heritage.

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The Avber House: A Seamless Integration of Heritage and Modernity in Karst Plateau

Nestled atop a Karst plateau, the Avber House, conceived by OFIS Architects, stands as a testament to the seamless fusion of historical preservation and contemporary architectural vision. This project transcends a mere refurbishment; it represents a profound cultural reconnection for its Australian patron, whose ancestral ties trace back to this very village. The design intricately weaves together the rich heritage of the region, characterized by its resilient stone structures, the forceful 'burja' winds, and the deep-seated communal ethos, resulting in a dwelling that respectfully acknowledges its origins while embracing forward-looking design principles.

The village of Avber, a tightly knit community shaped by centuries of natural forces and human ingenuity, provides a unique backdrop for this revitalization. The architects, OFIS Architects, undertook the challenge of transforming an aging homestead into a modern sanctuary without compromising its intrinsic character. The design philosophy centers on a deep understanding of the local vernacular, reinterpreting traditional elements to meet contemporary needs and comfort. This involved careful consideration of material choices, spatial arrangements, and the interplay between the built environment and the dramatic natural surroundings. The stone, a ubiquitous feature of the Karst landscape, plays a pivotal role, anchoring the house to its site and echoing the architectural language of generations past. The severe 'burja' winds, a defining natural force of the region, also influenced the design, dictating structural resilience and strategic opening placements for both protection and optimal natural ventilation. This meticulous attention to context ensures that the Avber House is not just a building, but a living narrative of its place and people. The renovation showcases how modern living can be integrated into a historical fabric, respecting the existing context while introducing new functionalities and aesthetic sensibilities. The result is a home that offers both refuge and connection, a private space that is deeply intertwined with its public and historical surroundings.

The revitalization of the Avber House stands as an exemplary model of how architectural intervention can facilitate a powerful return to roots. It underscores the importance of respecting and revitalizing traditional structures, transforming them into living spaces that continue to tell stories of heritage and community. The project illustrates a sensitive approach to architectural legacy, demonstrating that modern design can exist in harmony with deep historical connections.

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